CONTRACEPTIVE OPTIONS CHART KEY ADVANTAGES POSSIBLE PROBLEMS EFFECTIVENESS1
100% if used consistently Abstinence
92% to 99+% if used Birth Control
Rare, but serious health risks (blood clots,
Ability to become pregnant returns quickly
heart attack, and stroke – these risks are
Protects against painful, heavy, or irregular
periods, ovarian and endometrial cancer, and infections of the fallopian tubes
Implant*
97% to 99+% if used Injection
Menstruation stops for over half of women
Provera and Lunelle similar to those of the
Private – no visible sign that person is
Return to fertility may take several months
Other physiological advantages similar to
Increased spotting/bleeding in first month
99+% if used correctly and Contraceptive
Other physiological advantages the same as
99+% if used correctly and Vaginal Ring
menstruation, and then insert new ring for
Requires high level of comfort with one’s
Other physiological advantages the same as
Must be inserted and removed by clinician
Intrauterine
protection against pregnancy for 5 years,
Device (IUD)
Not typically recommended for adolescents
Non hormonal IUDs are an alternative for
* At the time of this printing, Implanon is not yet available in the United States and there are no plans to reintroduce Norplant.
For updated information about contraceptive methods, please visit www.managingcontraception.com. KEY ADVANTAGES POSSIBLE PROBLEMS EFFECTIVENESS1
85% to 98% if used Male Condom
Male involvementInexpensive, available over the counter
Requires high level of comfort with one’s
79% to 95% if used Female Condom
Alternative for people with latex allergies
May be difficult to insertMay become dislodged during intercourseMay interfere with spontaneity
Can be inserted in advance of intercourse
Requires high level of comfort with one’s
Diaphragm or
Can remain in place for multiple acts of
(diaphragm) if used Cervical Cap
May be difficult to insertLimited STI protection, but also possibility
of irritation (by spermicide) that could facilitate STI transmission
Available over the counter in a variety of
71% to 85% if used Spermicides
Possibility of irritation that could facilitateSTI transmission
Withdrawal
75% to 99% if used Fertility
No intercourse for much of menstrual cycle
Awareness
basal temperature andcervical mucous methods
No Method Vasectomy or Tubal Ligation
No protection against STIUsually available only to older individuals
Can be used up to 120 hours after Emergency Contraception
taken after unprotectedintercourse, the higher the
success rate. Used within24 hours – reduces risk ofpregnancy by up to 95%;used within 72 hours –reduces risk of pregnancyby 75% to 89%
Note: If a method is 99% “effective,” 99 women in 100 having sexual intercourse regularly for one year are expected not to become pregnant. If a method is 15% “effective,” 15 women out of 100 would be expected not to become pregnant. (Lower percentages indicate “typical user” rates; higher percentages indicate “perfect user” rates.) Sources:
Hatcher, R. et al, A Pocket Guide to Managing Contraception, 2002-2003, 2002Hatcher, R. et al, Contraceptive Technology, 17th Edition, 1998Planned Parenthood Federation of America, Your Contraceptive Choices, 2002
To be used with Positive Images: Teaching Abstinence, Contraception, and Sexual Health, Third Edition. Brickand Taverner, Planned Parenthood of Greater Northern New Jersey, 2001, revised 2003.
From Brick, Peggy, and Taverner, Bill (2001). Positive Images: Teaching Abstinence, Contraception, and Sexual Health, 3rd Ed.
2001 by Planned Parenthood of Greater Northern New Jersey and reprinted with permission. All rights reserved.
CONNECTED 2010 – 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DESIGN EDUCATION 28 JUNE - 1 JULY 2010, UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES, SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States KEYWORDS: Design Education, Design Culture, Design Taxonomy, Design Communities, Cross-Cultural Design, Design Education Diversity programs, their curriculums don’t actually have much Today’s de